It is well known that there are several “Brazils” in Brazil, and the same logic applies to agriculture. In the North and Northeast of Brazil, there is an agriculture sector that, despite structural challenges, has contributed greatly to the expansion of Brazilian agriculture. The states of Alagoas, Sergipe and Pernambuco have stood out since colonial Brazil in the production of sugar and, more recently, ethanol. Fruit growing is another vocation of the Northeast, with emphasis on the production of mangoes, melons, grapes and bananas for the domestic market and mainly for export. In addition to these, the animal protein sector stands out, with emphasis on shrimp farming, in which Rio Grande do Norte is already a national leader; and in beef cattle farming, the states of Pará and Rondônia stand out.